articles

Recent studies have shown that alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG), an important cellular intermediate, prolongs lifespan and delays the onset of age-related decline in a dose-dependent manner in several model organisms such as nematodes, fruit flies, yeasts and mice.

Under normal conditions, oxidative stress and proinflammatory processes are tightly controlled. However, during neuroinflammation and overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), homeostasis is disrup­ted, which may lead to development of Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease and other neurodegenerative disorders.

The effects of pesticides on the health of non-target living organisms in agricultural areas are critically important aspects for their safe use. Their release into the environment is an inevitable aspect for predicting and evaluation of the risk of their application.

In living organisms most oxygen consumed is reduced to water via four-electron reduction. However, few percentages of oxygen are reduced by consecutive one electron mechanisms giving rise to superoxide anion radical, (O2•−), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and hydroxyl radical (HO•) and their derivatives collectively called reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Parental dietary nutrients epigenetically influence offspring metabolism. Our analysis revealed unforeseen patterns in how enzymes of the main metabolic pathways respond to protein content in the diet.

Dietary interventions have been previously shown to influence lifespan in diverse model organisms.

Neural tissue is one of the main oxygen consumers in the mammalian body, and a plenti-tude of metabolic as well as signaling processes within the brain is accompanied by the generation of reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen (RNS) species.

Numerous human chronic pathological conditions depend on epigenetic modifications induced by environmental triggers throughout sensitive stages early in development.

The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has become a serious challenge for medicine and science.

Accumulating evidence suggests that exposure to unfavorable conditions early in life can substantially contribute to the risk of chronic disorders later in life (‘developmental programming’ phenomenon).